No, no, nothing like that. Bjorn already stated that there are no "urban provinces" in this game and I don't think they're necessary.
What I'm referring to is more of a "fluff"/random event kind of thing. For example, when I look at Roesone and the cities entry (under the province name) I get the following Proudglaive (3), Ghoried(2), Abbatuor(2), Fairfield (2), Duerlin(1), Edlin(1), Danaroene(1), and Bheline(1) where the number in parenthesis represents the named cities/towns in the province.
So, a conclusion would be that Proudglaive is more urbanised than Ghoried or Abbatuor who are in turn more urbanise than Edlin or Danaroene.
In certain random events, like for example nobles vs king, cities vs king, or nobles vs cities it might come in handy to know how a particular provinces would stand in such a conflict. Also, it would help when determining whether army units (if you read my army unit suggestion) are feudal or citizen in origin.
In the game "Crusader Kings" by Paradox Interactive, in which you play a dynasty you frequently get random events like "Nobility demands more power" or "Burgers demand more power" in a province, and then you have to decide who to support. Random events along those lines could spark the dynamic of a society without any kind of game mechanics change. A strongly urbanized province might request privileges or the nobility might want to subjugate their freedoms and such, and depending on how the regent deals with this he could get bonus RP/GB or might have to deal with a rebellion